First use of anesthesia in surgery, 1846First public demonstration of surgical anesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 1846. Hand-colored halftone reproduction of a 19th-century illustratioin
Medical kit in the Civil War, 1860sCivil War medical kit used in field situations, Shiloh Battlefield. Photograph
Trephination evidence in an Inca skullInca skull showing evidence of prehistoric trephining or brain surgery in Peru. Woodcut with a watercolor wash
Smallpox treatment document, New England, 1677" A Brief Rule, " a printed guide to the treatment of smallpox, or measles, in New England, 1677. Woodcut reproduction with a watercolor wash
Bubonic plague in FranceBelzunce amidst plague victims in France, 1600s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration
Child inoculated with smallpox vaccine, 1870Physician vaccinating a baby against smallpox, circa 1870. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration
Bubonic plague victimsVictims of the plague. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of a Poussin painting
Medieval healing through prayerAttempt to cure disease through the intercession of a saint, Middle Ages. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of a medieval illustration
Mass grave for plague victims, Holywell Mount, England, 1665Burying dead bodies at Holywell Mount during the Bubonic plague, England, 1665. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration
People fleeing London to escape the plague, 1630Flight of townspeople into the countryside to escape the plague in England, 1630. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration
Smallpox inoculation using live vaccine from a calfVaccination using live virus in a physicians office during a smallpox panic, 1870s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration
Red Cross field hospital in Bohemia, 1866Red Cross field hospital in a railway station in Bohemia, 1866. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration
EVCW2A-00049Nurse treating a wounded soldier in a Civil War hospital. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration
EVCW2A-00118Litter-bearers bringing wounded men to a Union army field hospital after a Civil War battle in Viginia, 1863. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration
Red Cross assistance for victims of the Johnstown Flood, 1889Red Cross warehouse in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, the first building erected after the great flood, 1889. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration